Agavoideae

• Joshua trees, along with other of Yucca, have a remarkable pollination system that involves a mutualistic relationship with species of yucca moths (Tegeticula spp.). The female yucca moth gathers pollen from yucca flowers using her specially adapted mouthparts. Once she has collected enough sticky pollen, she forms it into a ball which she presses against the stigma of every yucca flower she visits, pollinating these flowers. At the same time, she injects her eggs into the female tissue of the yucca flower. As the fruits of the yucca mature, they produce numerous large seeds and, at the same time, host the developing larvae of the yucca moth. The food sources of these developing larvae are the seeds of the yucca, but the larvae consume only a portion of the seeds. When the larvae are mature, they excavate an exit hole from the fruit, drop to the ground, form a cocoon, and emerge the following year. The undamaged seeds mature and are shed- and under appropriate conditions- germinate and produce yucca seedlings.