Schoenoplectus americanus (Three-square bulrush) ( )

Scirpus americanus

Cyperaceae

  • Perennial with horizontal rhizomes; culms erect or arched, sharply triangular, stiff and slender, 0.3-1.1 m. tall; leaf blades to 18 cm. long, keeled, convolute, narrow, 2-3 mm. wide; involucral leaf solitary. 3-10 cm. long; inflorescence a capitate cluster of 1-7 spikelets oblong, acuminate, 8-12 mm. long; scales pale brown to chocolate brown, cleft at apex, short-awned; bristles 2-6, downwardly barbed, unequal in length, from slightly longer than only 1/2 as long as the achene; style 2- or 3-cleft; achene lenticular, or obtusely trigonous, mucronate, 3 mm. long. Widely distributed in wet ground: along coast from Ventura county to Del Norte County, occasional in San Bernardino County and Imperial County; Inyo, Mono, Lassen, and Modoc counties; San Joaquin Valley; occasional in Sacramento Valley. "A Flora of the Marshes of California. Herbert L. Mason".
Scirpus olneyi

  • Perennial sedge with long rhizomes; culms stout, sharply triangular, the sides concave, 0.5-2.2 m. tall; leaf blades short, 2-13 cm. long; involucral leaf short,  erect, 1-3 cm. long; inflorescence a capitate cluster of 5-12 spikelets; spikelets ovoid, 5-8 mm. long; scales flecked with brown, short-awned; bristles 4-6 downwardly barbed, unequal in length, from shorter than to as long as the achene; style 3-cleft; achene lenticular, mucronate, light brown or gray, minutely pitted, 2.5 mm. long. Widely distributed in marshes and occasionally around hot springs: southern Sacramento Valley, east side of the Sierra Nevada from Inyo County north to Modoc County, Coast Ranges north to Napa County; coastal and desert southern California; east to Atlantic. "A Flora of the Marshes of California Herbert L. Mason". 

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